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ADHD in Adults - Treatment Options

ADHD is a common neurobiological disorder that affects 4.4 percent of the population. It is accompanied by high rates of comorbidity (depression anxiety, anxiety, and substance abuse) and significant emotional, social, and occupational impairments.

Psychotherapy and medication are both effective treatments for adults suffering from ADHD. The most frequently prescribed medications are stimulants like methylphenidate or amphetamine.

Medicines

Many adults with ADHD notice significant improvements in their symptoms and performance as a result of medication. It is essential that those who suffer from ADHD find the combination of medication that works for them.

Stimulants, such as amphetamines and methylphenidate, are the most frequently prescribed medications for adults with ADHD. They are available in liquid or tablet form in an immediate-release (short acting) formulation. They can be taken every three to four hour. Adults may supplement an immediate-release medication with an extended-release long-acting medication once a week to reduce the need to take it often throughout the day.

Adults suffering from ADHD can also be successfully treated with antidepressants, like desipramine. This class of drugs may be used in conjunction with stimulants, or in isolation to boost their effects. However, they may increase the risk of serious cardiovascular side effects, such as an increased heart rate, EKG changes, and orthostatic hypotension.

Alpha-2 adrenergic antagonists like alprazolam and clonidine can also be used to treat adults with ADHD. These drugs, initially developed to treat high blood pressure, have a calming effect and can increase focus and reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity in certain adults. However, these drugs can cause a drop in blood pressure if they are suddenly removed or reduced in dosage.

Psychotherapy can also be beneficial for adults with ADHD. Individual talk therapy helps people to overcome feelings of embarrassment, shame, and resentment toward coworkers, teachers, supervisors and family members who may criticize or nag them. Additionally counseling for marriage and families can help couples suffering from ADHD be able to recognize each other's challenges and improve communication.

Behavioral Therapy

Psychosocial therapy for adults suffering from ADHD aims to improve daily functioning by teaching skills and strategies. Psychotherapy can help those with ADHD overcome their low self-esteem, and the sense of failure they often feel.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps individuals change the negative thoughts that cause problems in their lives and to learn new ways of thinking and feeling, as well as doing. This short-term, goal-oriented type of psychotherapy has proven to be effective for many illnesses such as anxiety and depression.  adhd treatment adults  can be used on its own or in conjunction with other therapies.

CBT could involve group therapy, which can be especially beneficial for adults suffering from ADHD, as it provides the opportunity to interact with other people with similar challenges and to learn how other people manage their ADHD symptoms. CBT can be provided in person or by phone. One study compared the results of CBT against standard therapy for adults with ADHD and found that both treatments led to improvement in self-report assessments of symptoms, functioning, and quality of life.

CBT has been compared to other psychosocial treatments in adults with ADHD. All of these studies demonstrate significant reductions in ADHD symptoms and effects, with sizes between medium and large. These improvements were attributed to a variety modalities including cognitive and interpersonal therapy, social skills training, problem solving training, as well as mindfulness meditation.

However, caution is advised in comparing the effectiveness of different treatments for adults with ADHD. It is likely that variations in the outcomes depend on a variety of factors, including the characteristics of the treatment, the measures used as well as the backgrounds of the patients. A few studies have looked into the effectiveness neurofeedback. This technique involves wearing an electrode-lined hat while performing cognitive tasks to pinpoint brain areas in which there is a lack or excess of activity. The person then learns to control these patterns.

Counseling

Many people who suffer from ADHD have mood or anxiety disorders that require treatment. Counseling can help with these issues which may be causing ADHD symptoms. Interpersonal therapy is one of the psychotherapy techniques that can aid in improving the ability of individuals to manage conflicts and create meaningful relationships. Cognitive behavioral therapy is designed to help control self-destructive, impulsive and negative behavior that can cause problems at work or school.

In certain cases psychotherapy can be used as an alternative to medications for adult  adhd treatment for adults . People who have comorbid conditions such as bipolar disorder and substance abuse should be evaluated with care to ensure they do not have symptoms that cannot be ameliorated by the medications used to treat ADHD. People who suffer from certain medical issues like thyroid disorders, lead poisoning, and a history of seizures, must be treated more aggressively because they are at a higher risk of developing complications from the medications.

In-depth outpatient programs could be recommended when the person's ADHD is so severe that it affects their daily functioning and quality of life. These programs provide more intense and controlled treatment than standard outpatient therapy.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) assists adults suffering from ADHD enhance their ability to manage their time and impulse control, as well as organizing, and executive function. It teaches them to recognize and express emotions and uses worksheets and activities to make the learning interesting. Mindfulness meditation training enhances CBT, and it improves the ability of a person to concentrate and control their emotions. It also improves a person's capacity to manage the effects of stress and arousal. It helps them deal with anger, sadness and other emotions which could be contributing to their ADHD.

Occupational Therapy

Adults suffering from ADHD experience difficulties at work and at home. These issues can also impact relationships and cause financial difficulties. Therapy that addresses these issues can help you increase self-esteem, address underlying problems and develop healthy coping strategies.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy is an effective treatment for adults with ADHD because it helps them change their negative thoughts and behavior. It focuses on teaching time management techniques and overcoming thinking distortions which contribute to negative moods, and the perception that there are only a few options.

Many adults with ADHD have anxiety or depression disorders that are comorbid. These psychiatric disorders can reduce or even increase the effectiveness of certain medications that are used to treat ADHD. It is recommended to first treat the most severe comorbidity and then monitor the response to the medication prior to treating the other disorder.

Occupational therapy can help you manage your work and life, establish predictable routines, control your time and money and create an optimistic image of yourself. It will also help you learn relaxation techniques that could reduce your impulsivity and hyperactivity. Yoga and other exercises can also help you focus by stabilizing your body in various poses.

Counseling for families and marriage can assist adults suffering from ADHD to resolve the issues they cause their spouses, kids and others. They frequently complain that they are insecure, unorganized, and often prone to making impulsive choices. You can strengthen your relationships by informing your spouses and family members about ADHD. It can aid you and your family members to understand that the problems are due to ADHD instead of the lack of care or refusing to cooperate.

Clinical Trials

Adult ADHD is a highly prevalent neurobiological disorder. It is accompanied by a high rate of comorbidity. This includes depression, anxiety and substance abuse disorders. Psychosocial and medication interventions are available as treatments. There are  treatment for add adhd in adults  for adults with ADHD. Certain of these medications have been evaluated in clinical trials. These studies have revealed the strengths and weaknesses of the various medications.

Adults suffering from ADHD may have the same symptoms that children do, but it is difficult to diagnose because the symptoms of childhood may not persist in adulthood. In addition, adults with ADHD may not have a history of the disorder in their families or they may not even remember experiencing symptoms. A thorough medical history is important to help determine whether the symptoms are caused by medical conditions such as thyroid issues, sleep apnea, issues with vision and hearing or lead poisoning.

Adults with ADHD are treated with stimulants or non-stimulants. Stimulants are the most effective medication for treating adults with ADHD and their response rates are in the 70 - 80% range. The most commonly used stimulants are methylphenidate and amphetamine compounds. Methylphenidate is also accessible in a transdermal system, that allows for continuous supply of medication throughout the day.

Nonstimulant medicines for adults suffering from ADHD are primarily tricyclic antidepressants that target norepinephrine and dopamine. Desipramine, which is the most researched tricyclic, has been proven to work in adult ADHD patients. It is a low dose medication and is recommended to increase the dose by 50 mg every 7 days until the desired effect is observed.

Bupropion XL is a different antidepressant, has been proven to work in adults with ADHD. It is a dopamine agonist that is able to block the reuptake process of norepinephrine by the presynaptic receptor, thereby increasing its availability in the brain. This drug has been proven to improve the mood of adults and reduce hyperactivity however it's not as effective at improving concentration or cognitive functions as stimulants.